فروش پكیج كتابهای نایاب آنالیز و GIS
لیست كتابهای موجود روی یك سی دی به شرح زیر می باشد....(تمام كتابها با هم فروخته می شود) به صورت pdf , ...
1. Desktop GIS: Mapping the Planet with Open Source Tools
2. GIS for Environmental Decision-Making (Innovations in Gis)
3. GIS Data Sources
4. GIS For Dummies
5. GIS Cartography: A Guide to Effective Map Design
6. Geochemical Anomaly and Mineral Prospectivity Mapping in GIS, Volume 11 (Handbook of Exploration and Environmental Geochemistry)
7. Business, Economics, and Finance with Matlab, GIS, and Simulation Models
8. GIS for Web Developers
9. GIS For Dummies (2009)
10. Encyclopedia of GIS/Geographic Information System
11. A Primer of GIS: Fundamental Geographic and Cartographic Con
12. Statistical Analysis with ArcView GIS (r)
13. Dynamic and Mobile GIS: Investigating Changes in Space
14. Spatial Data Modelling for 3D GIS
15. GIS Applications in Agriculture
16. Quantitative Methods and Applications in GIS
17. GIS, Environmental Modelling and Engineering
18. Adjustment Computations: Statistics and Least Squares in Surveying and GIS (Wiley Series in Surveying and Boundary Control)
19. Datums and Map Projections for Remote Sensing, GIS and Surveying
20. Gis In Law Enforcement: Implementation Issues And Case Studies
21. Sampling Methods, Remote Sensing and GIS Multiresource Forest Inventory (Tropical Forestry)
22. GIS for Housing and Urban Development
23. Spatial Analytical Perspectives on Gis
24. Spatial Analysis, Gis, And Remote Sensing Applications in the Health Sciences
25. Web-Mapping mit Open Source-GIS-Tools
26. Geographic Information Systems and Sciences (GIS)
27. Geographic Information Systems and Public Health: Eliminating Perinatal Disparity
28. Web Mapping Illustrated: Using Open Source GIS Toolkits
29. Spatial Methods for Solution of Environmental and Hydrologic Problems : Science, Policy, and Standardization (ASTM special technical publication, 1420)
30. Geographic Information Systems and Health Applications
31. Business Geography and New Real Estate Market Analysis (Spatial Information Systems)
32. Uncertainty in Geographical Information (Research Monographs in Geographic Information Systems,)
33. Business, Economics, and Finance with Matlab
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تمامی كتابها چاپ سال های 2000 تا 2009 می باشند.
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3D feature
A representation of a three-dimensional, real-world object in a map or scene, with elevation values (z-values) stored within the feature's geometry. Besides geometry, 3D features may have attributes stored in a feature table. In applications such as CAD, 3D features are often referred to as 3D models.
عوارض سه بعدی
نمایش سه بعدی مناظر دنیایی واقعی در یک نقشه یا صحنه که دارای ارزش ارتفاعی هستند مطابق با عوارض هندسی آنان. بعلاوه نمایش هندسی عوارض سه بعدی ممکن است دارای جدول اطلاعاتی نیز باشند. کاربردی همانند فایل های CAD دارند، عوارض سه بعدی اغلب مربوط به مدل های سه بعدی هستند.
About 3D features
You may want to visualize feature data, as well as surfaces, in a perspective view.
Feature data differs from surface data in representing discrete objects, rather than continuous phenomena. Features typically have a shape (geometry) and attributes.
Some typical feature geometries are point, line, or polygon. Point features might represent mountain peaks, telephone poles, or well locations. Lines might represent roads, streams, or ridgelines. Polygons might represent buildings, lakes, or administrative areas. The attributes of features can store values that refer to the elevation or height of the features. Some GIS features store elevation values with the feature geometry itself; for example, PointZ features are stored as a set of x, y, and z coordinates. You can use z-values in the geometry or attributes of features to display the features in a 3D view.
Sometimes features lack elevation or height values. You can still view these features in a 3D view by draping or extruding them. If you have a surface model for the area, you can use the values in the model as z-values for the features. This is called draping the features. You can also use this technique to visualize image data in 3D. If you want to show building features in 3D, you can extrude them using an attribute, such as building height or number of stories. You can also extrude features based on an arbitrary value.
Sometimes you'll want to view 2D features in a 3D view with z-values taken from some attribute other than a height value. For example, you might create a 3D view that shows city points extruded into columns based on their population.
See Displaying 2D features in ArcGlobe and Displaying 2D features in ArcScene for more information.
Some typical feature geometries are point, line, or polygon:
- Point features might represent mountain peaks, telephone poles, or well locations.
- Lines might represent roads, streams, or ridgelines.
- Polygons might represent buildings, lakes, or administrative areas.
The attributes of features can store values that refer to the elevation or height of the features. Some GIS features store elevation values with the feature geometry itself; for example, PointZ features are stored as a set of x,y,z coordinates. You can use z-values in the geometry or attributes of features to display the features in a 3D view.
Sometimes features lack elevation or height values. You can still view these features in a 3D view by draping or extruding them (see the following section).
Draping and extruding features
If you have a surface model for the area, you can use the values in the model as z-values for the features. This is called draping the features. You can also use this technique to visualize image data in 3D.
If you want to show building features in 3D, you can extrude them using an attribute, such as building height or number of stories. You can also extrude features based on an arbitrary value.
Sometimes you'll want to view 2D features in a 3D view with z-values taken from some attribute other than a height value. For example, you might create a scene that shows city points extruded into columns based on their population.
Create 3D features
It is often useful to have features with 3D geometry. Although you can display 2D features by draping them over a surface, 3D features are displayed more rapidly, and you can share them with others without having to send along the surface data.
You can convert existing 2D features to 3D in three ways:
- By interpolating a shape from a surface using geoprocessing tools
- By deriving the height values of the features from a surface
- By deriving the height value from an attribute of the features
- By deriving the features' height from a constant value
You can also digitize new features over a surface in ArcMap and interpolate the features' z-values from the surface during digitizing.
Editing 3D features
About editing 3D features
It is often useful to have features with 3D geometry. Although you can display 2D features by draping them over a surface, 3D features are displayed more rapidly, and you can share them with others without having to send along the surface data.
You can also digitize new features over a surface in ArcMap and interpolate the features' z-values from the surface during digitizing.
Editing 3D feature data is done using the standard editing environment in ArcMap. You can create, edit and delete 3D features in the same way as 2D features. When editing height, or z, values for a feature you will need to access the Edit Sketch properties dialog box, which exposes the z-values for each vertex in the geometry.
Learn more about the editing environment
- Open ArcMap and add the z-aware polyline feature class.
- On the Editor toolbar, click Editor and click Start Editing.
- Use the Edit tool
- Change the Edit Task to Modify Feature.
The edit sketch for the feature will be displayed.
- Right-click the edit sketch and click Properties.
- Select a vertex from the list.
The current vertex is highlighted on the sketch.
- Type in the new z value
- Click Finish Sketch.
Tip
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- Open ArcMap and add the 3D feature class (pointZ, polylineZ, polygonZ).
- Add the surface that you want to use as the source for the features' heights to the map.
- On the Editor toolbar, click Editor and click Start Editing.
Ensure that the 3D feature class is set as the Target layer.
- On the 3D Analyst toolbar, enable the applicable geometry editing tool (Interpolate Point, Interpolate Line, or Interpolate Polygon).
- Click vertices to create the feature.
- For polylines and polygons, double-click to finish the sketch.
- When you are finished digitizing features, click Editor > Save Edits.
- Click Editor > Stop Editing.
Tips
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Selecting features in 3D
About selecting features in 3D
There are several ways to select features in a 3D view. The most direct way to select features is to click them in the view with the Select Features tool or to click them in an attribute table. When a feature is selected, it is highlighted.
You can also select features by their attributes or by their location with respect to other features. For example, you could select all the polygons that you've classified as having moderately steep slopes, then select all the buildings that are within these polygons.
Learn more about selecting features
How to select features in a 3D view
Selecting features interactively by clicking in a view
- Click the Select Features button
- Click the feature you want to select. The selected feature is highlighted.
- Click the Selection menu and point to Interactive Selection Method.
- Click the selection method you want to use.
- Right-click the feature layer and click Open Attribute Table.
- Click the row belonging to the feature you want to select. The selected feature is highlighted.
- Click the Selection menu and click Select By Attributes.
- Click the Layer dropdown arrow and click the layer from which you want to select features.
- Click the dropdown arrow and click the selection procedure that you want to use.
The default selection procedure is to create a new selection, but you can also add to, remove from, or select from the current selection.
- Double-click the attribute field that you want to select from.
- Click an operator, for example, the equals sign.
- Double-click a value.
- Optionally, click Verify to check your selection expression.
- Click Apply.
- Click Close. The features are selected.
- Click the Selection menu and click Select By Location.
- Click the dropdown arrow and click a selection method.
- Check the layers whose features you want to select.
- Click the dropdown arrow and click a selection method.
- Click the dropdown arrow and click the layer you want to use to search for the features.
- Check the box to use only the selected features.
- Check the box to apply a buffer to the features in <layer> and set the distance within which to search for features.
- Click Apply.
- Click Close. The features are selected.
- طبقه بندی:GIS، واژه نامه GIS، ArcGIS، |
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abandoned well = چاه متروکه
abandoned well = چاه متروکه
چاهی است که دیگر استفاده نشده یا چاهی است که از عملیات آبدهی خارج شده است. به چاهی که کاربرد آن برای همیشه متوقف شده یا در چنان وضعیت خرابی (به خاطر عدم تعمیرات) قرار دارد که نمی توان به منظور اولیه از آن استفاده نمود. معمولا چاه های متروکه از بتن یا دوغاب سیمان پر می شود تا از هدر رفتن و آلوده شدن آب زیرزمینی جلوگیری شود.
راهنمایی برای پر کردن اینگونه چاه ها....
A Guide to Plugging Abandoned Wells
AE-966 (Revised), September 2007
Tom Scherer, Extension Agricultural Engineer, Irrigation/Water Quality
Roxanne Johnson, Water Quality Associate
Adobe Acrobat PDF file. =612KB--- دانلود مقاله به صورت pdf
سرفصل مطالب
How many abandoned wells does North Dakota have
What are the hazards associated with abandoned wells
Regulations and standards pertaining to abandoned wells
Well-plugging materials
General well-plugging recommendations
Well pits
Sand point wells
Well-plugging records
Consider all your alternatives before plugging
Appendix I. Well-plugging Equipment and Tools
Appendix II. Area Formulas
Appendix III. Table of Volumes
Appendix IV. Well-plugging Examples
- برچسب ها: abandoned well، چاه متروکه، Plugging Abandoned Wells،
- دنبالک ها: abandoned water right = حق آبه ی متوقف شده،
- طبقه بندی:واژه نامه حفاظت آب و خاک، واژه نامه منابع طبیعی، |
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آخرین پست ها
- فروش پكیج كتابهای نایاب آنالیز و GIS
- پاسخ به سوالات
- 3D feature
- abandoned well = چاه متروکه
- abandoned water right = حق آبه ی متوقف شده
- استخراج نیمهخودكار عوارض خطی از تصاویر ماهوارهای
- a priori classification = طبقه بندی نظری
- a posteriori classification = طبقه بندی تجربی
- 100%coverage = پوشش صددر صد
- acre-foot = ایکرفوت
- خیال نبودن
- قسمت اول: نگاهی کوتاه به ArcGIS Desktop
- لیست آخرین پستها